Having already peered at
X-Men 2099, let's take a quick, a very quick look at Marvel's
2099: Manifest Destiny.
The Marvel 2099 imprint went under in August 1996, and its sole surviving scion,
2099: World of Tomorrow, was unceremoniously put down after only eight months. In 1998, the superheroes of the dark American future get their eulogy and epilogue in the form of a double-size one-off called
2099: Manifest Destiny. The book was authored by Len Kaminsky, who is probably best known for his work on
Iron Man in the 1990s, but he also had a hand in Marvel 2099, writing all 25 issues of
Ghost Rider 2099 (in which a dead street hacker's mind is digitized and placed inside a Ghost Rider robot). I read it for the first time a couple of days ago (before last week, I hadn't even known of its existence), and in 48 pages, it's given me more to chew on (and spit out) than sixty-something issues of
X-Men 2099,
Doom 2099, and the sad six-issue run of
X-Nation 2099 (which, interestingly, was Humberto Ramos's first Marvel gig).
Let's start with this: we've established that the mood and public outlook of the early 1990s was a prime determinant of the grim hue with which the Marvel 2099 universe was painted. You had the economic hangover following the Reaganomics coke binge, the entrance of Generation X (whose most impressionable years were defined by the word "malaise") into the spotlight, urban homicides hitting a peak in 1991, AIDS becoming the number one cause of death for American males ages twenty-five to forty-four, and so on. If the 2099 books, with their dire prognostications of a future shaped by violence, corporate greed, natural disasters, and accelerated social decay, were a perfectly apt comic book mirror for the national mood of the early 1990s,
2099: Manifest Destiny sings in the key of the late 1990s, which, like the economy, had bounced back up like a physics-defying UV-reactive beachball.